Psoriasis in Children: Everything Parents Need to Know

1. Introduction

Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune condition that affects both adults and children. While it is more common in adults, around 1% of children worldwide are diagnosed with pediatric psoriasis. This condition leads to inflamed, red, scaly patches on the skin that can cause discomfort and emotional distress.

For parents, seeing their child struggle with psoriasis can be challenging. Questions like “What caused this?”, “Is it treatable?”, and “How can I help my child?” are common. The good news is that with the right care and management strategies, childhood psoriasis can be controlled effectively, allowing children to lead a normal, active life.

In this guide, we will explore:

• The symptoms and types of psoriasis in children
• Common triggers and how to prevent flare-ups
• Available treatments and daily care strategies
• Emotional support for children living with psoriasis

With the right approach, parents can help their child manage psoriasis effectively and improve their quality of life.

2. What is Psoriasis in Children?

Psoriasis is an autoimmune disorder that causes the skin to regenerate too quickly. This leads to the formation of thick, scaly patches of skin known as plaques. While psoriasis is not contagious, it often has a genetic component, meaning children with a family history of psoriasis are more likely to develop it.

Types of Pediatric Psoriasis

There are different forms of psoriasis that can affect children:

1. Plaque Psoriasis (Most Common)

   • Characterized by red, inflamed skin covered with silvery-white scales.
   • Often appears on the elbows, knees, scalp, and lower back.

2. Guttate Psoriasis

   • Triggered by infections like strep throat.
   • Appears as small, drop-like red spots on the body.
   • Common in school-aged children and teens.

3. Scalp Psoriasis

   • Thick, crusty patches on the scalp that may cause flaking.
   • Often confused with severe dandruff or cradle cap in infants.

4. Flexural (Inverse) Psoriasis

   • Appears in skin folds (armpits, groin, behind the ears).
   • Red, shiny patches with minimal scaling.

5. Nail Psoriasis

   • Affects fingernails and toenails, causing pitting, discoloration, and brittleness.
   • May be an early sign of psoriatic arthritis.

Recognizing the type of psoriasis your child has can help guide treatment and management decisions.

3. Common Triggers of Psoriasis in Children

Understanding what causes flare-ups can help manage symptoms. Common triggers include:

• Infections: Strep throat, colds, and other infections can trigger guttate psoriasis.
• Skin injuries: Scratches, cuts, and insect bites can cause new lesions (Koebner phenomenon).
• Cold, dry weather: Harsh weather conditions dry out the skin and worsen symptoms.
• Stress and anxiety: Emotional distress can lead to flare-ups.
• Irritating skincare products: Fragrances, dyes, and harsh soaps can aggravate sensitive skin.

How to Avoid Triggers:

• Keep the skin moisturized with fragrance-free lotions.
• Dress your child in soft, breathable fabrics like cotton.
• Avoid harsh soaps and shampoos; use gentle, medicated products like Nopsor Shampoo for scalp psoriasis.
• Maintain a healthy diet and encourage stress-relieving activities.

4. Treatment Options for Pediatric Psoriasis

While there is no cure for psoriasis, many treatments can help manage symptoms effectively.

1. Topical Treatments

• Moisturizers: Hydrate and protect the skin.
• Coal Tar & Salicylic Acid: Medicated products like Nopsor Pomade help reduce scaling and inflammation.
• Steroid Creams: Used during flare-ups to reduce inflammation and itching.

2. Light Therapy (Phototherapy)

• UVB Therapy: Safe for children, slows down skin cell growth and reduces inflammation.
• Requires dermatologist supervision for safety and effectiveness.

3. Systemic Treatments (For Severe Cases)

• Methotrexate: Reduces inflammation but requires monitoring.
• Biologic Therapies: Target specific immune system proteins to control symptoms.
• **These are only prescribed in severe cases and require a dermatologist’s evaluation.

4. Natural Remedies & Lifestyle Adjustments

• Oatmeal baths help soothe itching.
• Aloe vera provides a cooling effect for irritated skin.
• Vitamin D supplements may help regulate immune function.

5. Emotional Support for Children with Psoriasis

Psoriasis is more than just a physical condition—it can impact a child’s self-esteem and social interactions.

How Parents Can Help:

• Normalize the condition: Explain that psoriasis is common and not their fault.
• Encourage confidence: Teach them how to respond if peers ask questions about their skin.
• Talk to teachers and caregivers: Ensure they are aware of the condition and can provide support.
• Consider counseling or support groups: Organizations like the National Psoriasis Foundation offer helpful resources.

6. Conclusion

While pediatric psoriasis can be challenging, it is manageable with the right treatment, daily care, and emotional support. By understanding triggers, using proper treatments like Nopsor Shampoo, and providing encouragement, parents can help their child live confidently and comfortably.

If you suspect your child has psoriasis, consult a pediatric dermatologist to create a customized care plan.

References

• National Psoriasis Foundation: Children with Psoriasis
  This resource offers comprehensive information on pediatric psoriasis, including symptoms, triggers, and management strategies.
  https://www.psoriasis.org/children-with-psoriasis/

• American Academy of Dermatology: Can a Child Have Psoriasis?
  This article discusses the occurrence of psoriasis in children, its types, and treatment options.
  https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/psoriasis/treatment/could-have/child-have